Friday 19 April 2013

The Highland Clearances and me

I often think about the Highland Clearances and wonder where I stand on them.
For anyone who doesn't know, they were a terrible time in the history of The Highlands of Scotland.
There was crippling poverty and overcrowding. Crofts, when inherited, were divided between many sons, becoming smaller and smaller and less and less able to sustain the families on them. Unlike England which had mills and mines etc, The Highlands had not much else for the working man to do.
So -
Many emigrated voluntarily to the new World.
and
Many emigrated involuntarily
and
Many did not get as far as emigrating but died after they were forced off their croft.
It is hard to know who to believe but it would seem that -
Some landowners were genuinely acting in the best interests of their tenants and went about things in a kindly way
and
Other landowners genuinely believed that they were doing the best thing for the tenants but employed factors and ground officers who could only be classified as evil
and
Other landowners were just evil and did not care a jot about their tenants and were solely after profit.
So
Like everything else in life it is not straightforward. There is no doubt that something had to be done. The status quo was not possible without even more terrible suffering and there were the odd events such as potatoe famines and cholera outbreaks to compound the misery.
And then there was  sheep.
Landowners discovered that sheep brought in  money - I presume from the sale of fleece to the prospering wool trade.
From an accountant's point of view it was a no brainer. Clear the crofters who never paid their rent and buy lots of sheep and  make money.
In my childhood at my little primary school in The Highlands, we all hated several things but top of the list was-
1. The Campbells - because of the massacre of Glencoe in 1692
2. The English - because they beat us at the battle of Culloden in 1746
3. The evil landowners of The Clearances - because they were cruel and evil and forced us out of our homes and country  - from about 1746 onwards
4. Catholics (at my first school which was all faiths) and Protestants (at my second school which was Catholic)
Scots have long long unforgiving memories kept alive by sad songs.
Then I started genealogy and to my horror began to find that different lines of our family were amongst the hated ones.
Some lines were simple crofters who were cleared from their homes.
One ancestor line had been the owner who cleared a small island on the West Coast
Another line  - he was a ground officer in Sutherland - employed by the hated Duchess of Sutherland.
Another line was one of the hated lowland sheep farmers who opportunistically came north to farm sheep on huge acres of rented land which had recently been cleared of crofters
Another - was English
and
Another - was a Campbell
Oh Dear




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